BACKGROUND Private facilities are the first place of care seeking for many sick children. Involving these facilities in child health interventions may provide opportunities to improve child welfare. The objective of this study was to assess the potential of rural and urban private facilities in diagnostic capabilities, operations and human resource in the management of malaria, pneumonia and di...

BACKGROUND The population of Ghana is increasingly becoming urbanized with about 70 % of the estimated 26.9 million people living in urban and peri-urban areas. Nonetheless, eight out of the ten regions in Ghana remain predominantly rural where only 32.1 % of the national health sector workforce works. Doctor-patient ratio in a predominantly rural region is about 1:18,257 compared to 1:4,099 in...

one of the indicators of sustainable urban growth is the balance of development between different regions of the city, quality of the environment, equality in job opportunities, housing, basic services, social infrastructures, and transportation in urban areas. urban sprawl has some negative consequences. some of the consequences that are frequently mentioned are destroying green spaces, high c...

urban quality of life is one of the important areas of urban studies in different countries. this importance stems from the increasing attention to monitoring public policies and its role as efficient tool in urban management and planning. the unprecedented growth of urbanization in developing countries specifically in iran, the cities now present a multi-structural fabric which show considerab...

OBJECTIVE To assess the impact of the National Essential Medicines Scheme (NEMS) with respect to urban-rural inequalities regarding drug prescriptions in primary care facilities. METHODS A stratified two-stage random sampling strategy was used to sample 23,040 prescriptions from 192 primary care facilities from 2009 to 2010. Difference-in-Difference (DID) analyses were performed to test the a...

The issue of shared use urban freight facilities first received attention during the 1970's when it was observed that, while inter-urban freight movements were becoming increasingly efficient, there were significant diseconomies in the movement of freight via truck within urban areas. Early research suggested that shared urban freight facilities should be constructed so that trucking companies ...

The cost implications of changing from a policy of presumptive diagnosis to one of microscopy-based diagnosis in the management of uncomplicated malaria in an urban hospital adult outpatient clinic in Malawi were studied. Costs were measured in three separate weeks during the rainy season. In weeks I and II all uncomplicated malaria cases were treated on the basis of a presumptive diagnosis. In...